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Narrow Angles

Risk Factors
Increasing age (lens becomes more spherical/thicker over time)
Hyperopia (farsightedness) / shorter-than-normal eye length
Progressive cataract (thickening lens contributes to narrowing)
Naturally narrow space between the iris and cornea (anatomic predisposition)
Prior eye trauma or traumatic angle damage
Symptoms
Often no symptoms in the early stages (can be silent until angle-closure occurs)
Intermittent blurred vision
Eye pain or pressure
Headaches (especially around the eye or brow)
Halos or rainbow-colored rings around lights
Sudden vision loss (in acute angle-closure attack)
Nausea and vomiting (with severe eye pressure rise)
Redness in the eye
Anatomically narrow angles are a consequence of a narrow space between the iris and the cornea and can result in very high eye pressures and visual loss. Patients with progressive cataract as well as patients with shorter or hyperopic eyes are at increased risk of developing this condition. When it occurs, the normal path of fluid from the back of the eye to the front is blocked. Since this fluid needs to drain from the front via the angles, the blockage can result in very high eye pressures that result in rapid loss of vision. (Angle closure attack). By detecting anatomically narrow angles in the clinic, the risk of an angle closure attack can be prevented in two ways: 1. removal of the crystalline lens (cataract surgery) or 2. creation of a bypass channel or laser peripheral iridectomy (LPI). LPI is a common procedure that is generally safe. Common side effects are inflammation, bleeding and occasionally light leaking forward. These risks are weighed against the benefit of preventing an angle closure attack. In patients whose angles are 270 out of 360 degrees narrowed, an LPI or cataract surgery are recommended. If a patient has no signs of cataract, then the LPI procedure is the clear choice.