Treatment of retinal vein occlusions has evolved significantly, and blood pressure control is foundational. Patients are urged to manage hypertension with a combination of medications, diet, and exercise, since systemic control can reduce ongoing vascular stress and help lower the risk of progression or recurrence. Retinal vein occlusion is a relatively common retinal vascular condition; for example, central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) affects about 1–4 in 1,000 people.

When vision is affected, most commonly due to macular edema treatment often involves intravitreal injections, many of which overlap with medications used in diabetic eye disease. Common injectable medications include Eylea and Avastin (anti-VEGF agents), and steroid-based therapy such as Ozurdex in appropriate patients.

Some patients, particularly those with CRVO, may also require retinal laser treatment (often for complications such as ischemia or abnormal new vessel growth), depending on exam and imaging findings. The exact treatment plan is individualized based on whether the occlusion is branch vs central, the amount of ischemia, and how much macular edema is present.