Severe dry eye treatment typically starts with lubricating drops (artificial tears) to improve wetting and comfort. These can reduce symptoms but often do not address the underlying drivers of inflammation or tear film instability. Environmental changes (reducing airflow, managing allergens), improving blink habits during screen use, and treating contributing systemic factors can make a meaningful difference over time.

If inflammation is a major component, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory therapies may be used to improve the ocular surface and support healthier tear film function. These therapies are intended to reduce chronic low-grade inflammation and, with consistent use, can improve comfort and vision stability. When oil gland dysfunction contributes, warm compresses and eyelid hygiene can help improve meibomian gland function and reduce tear evaporation.

For patients who remain symptomatic despite standard therapies, advanced options may be considered based on exam findings. This can include procedures or biologic surface therapies designed to support healing of the ocular surface, including approaches that aim to promote corneal epithelial recovery and nerve regeneration in more severe cases. Treatment is individualized based on severity, contributing causes (medications, autoimmune disease, gland dysfunction), and response to prior therapies.